Potential of High-Powered Bath-Type Ultrasonicator for Manufacturing of Emulsifier-Free Emulsions

We report here on the manufacturing methods for emulsifier-free (EF-) oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, in which oil and water were mechanically mixed absence of any emulsifiers such as surfactants. A commercially available bath-type ultrasonic cleaner (Bath-US; 42 kHz, 26 W) did not disperse dodecane (DD) completely even by treatment 15 min, average diameter DD droplets EF-dodecane-in-water (DD/W) emulsions prepared was several micrometers. Using a horn-type homogenizer (Horn-US; 19.5 600 W), EF-DD/W ~1 μm. Preparation using high-powered ultrasonicator (HPBath-US; 28 300 that we developed required period min. The with HPBath-US became hundred nanometers ~10 preparation rotor-stator (RS-HG; 15,000 rpm, 800 DD/W micrometers diameter. Colloidal stability Horn-US higher than Bath-US RS-HG. These studies indicate has advantages EF-O/W emulsions. Furthermore, continuous achieved attaching flow chamber HPBath-US.